Key concepts in science -see tasks attached Essay

Key ideas in science - see errands connected - Essay Example Accordingly, there was a need to have standard units of estimation to be utilized customarily, particularly that the world is getting worldwide. In a worldwide town there is need of correspondence over societies for simplicity of correspondence in business and science, the driving motors of globalization. This implies there was have to fit units of estimation to empower coordination between the various orders on the planet (Barry 797). This decimal standard for measuring is valuable in a few different ways. It gives a normalized method of making estimations (utilizing normalized units of estimation all around). It unite different association on the worldwide scene to fashion a typical definitions for SI and set guidelines that administer composing and introduction of estimation in a generally acknowledged standard way. As of now referenced this advancement facilitates coordination between the few teaches particularly in trade and science. Different favorable circumstances of the SI units include: worldwide appropriation (they have been received internationally) and gives a widespread system to improvements and examination in estimations. In this framework a force tong get together in which a security lock instrument comprises of a force partition outfitted with two side associations of outlet, one that is connected to a control divide for controlling the cross segment opening of the side association of the tank. The force parcel has a control component inside the sort of a cylinder formed body an incentive with equivalent size surfaces on both subject end appearances to the working medium weight and with an initial running in the valve body development bearing. This opening has a funnel shaped extension of its finish of delta stream. This hinders the immediate connection of the gracefully with tank return. Weight and power communication can be seen in the portrayal of this framework. In one kind of control a switch valve inside the unit is put

How to Write an Audience Analysis Paper

How to Write an Audience Analysis PaperHow to write an audience analysis paper can be a confusing task if you are new to the field of audience analysis. An audience analysis is an objective and thorough examination of the audience and their response to your presentation.The goal of an audience analysis is to see if what you have presented was useful for them. For example, if you were teaching a new subject at school or college, you would want to know whether people were interested in what you had to teach. It is very difficult to determine this since a lot of factors are involved such as the knowledge level of the person you are speaking to, the age of the person and their level of comfort with the subject they are learning, etc. However, an audience analysis will help you understand which areas of the presentation worked best.In order to write an audience analysis, you need to have a clear idea of what it is that you are looking for. For example, if you are teaching something to a y ounger audience, you would be trying to figure out what skills the person needs to be successful in the subject that you are teaching.You can write an audience analysis by asking the audience questions such as 'What type of activities do you like to do outside of school?' This will give you an insight into their interests, abilities and any barriers to learning the subject matter you are trying to teach.If you are struggling with how to write an audience analysis paper, there are many websites that will guide you step by step through the process. You can also hire a professional to do it for you. However, if you are unsure of how to write an audience analysis paper, then try to answer this question for yourself: 'Who are my audience and how do I want to present this information to them? '.Most commonly, when you ask yourself questions in an audience analysis, you will be seeking information about how old the audience is, what education level they are in, and the nature of their inte rests. If you can pinpoint these key points, you will be able to better summarize the information you are trying to convey to the audience.Another thing to consider when writing an audience analysis is who will be reading the audience analysis. Since the information you want to share is only for them, you will want to have people from the audience interested enough in your presentation to listen to it.Finally, when you are trying to write an audience analysis, keep in mind that a good one should not be more than 30 minutes long. There is nothing worse than waiting for people to get bored with what you are telling them. This will cause them to go on to other things on their list.

Economic Principles to Environmental Policy

Question: Examine about the Economic Principles to Environmental Policy. Answer: Presentation: This examination study would concentrate on the effect of smoking rates in the Australian economy and the expense of the economy. In the expressions of Sun Daniels (2014), the negative externality of smoking which is the main driver of the market disappointment has been basically assessed, and the viability of the activity of Australian Governments for decreasing the smoking rates through the procedure of plain bundling has been evaluated in this exploration study. In addition, applicable diagrams, tables, and charts have been utilized wellsprings of proof to speak to the examination in a huge way. Paces of smoking and cost to the economy From the present investigation of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), it very well may be gathered that expansion in smoking rates in Australia is considered as a genuine danger to the nation as basically youthful ages are seriously influenced for that alongside the expansion in cost of the country and lessening in social advantage of the economy. As per the social review report of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, the two guys and females are distinguished as day by day smokers inside the age gathering of 15 years (Department of Health | Tobacco Control key statistical data points, 2016). Nonetheless, the report of the review would conclude that the pace of smoking in both the cases is persistently diminishing from the year 2002 to 2015. Beforehand, the pace of male smokers was 41% in 2002 which is declined to 38.9% in the time of 2015, and the level of female smokers has tumbled from 43% to 36% in the time of 2015 (Department of Health | Tobacco Control key raw numbers, 2016). Figure 1: Smoking pace of Australia in various age gatherings Source: (Health practices and different dangers to wellbeing (AIHW), 2016) Moreover, the youthful ages of Australia are especially dependent on the smoking; however the pace of smoking has declined from 39% to 31% in the year 2015 inside the age gathering of 15 to 24 years. Furthermore, according to the wellbeing study of ABS, roughly 12.7% individuals inside the age gathering of 45 years smoked every day; since 52.6% individuals never smoked in the life (Department of Health | Tobacco Control key statistical data points, 2016). Aside from this, the inclination of smoking is higher in the remote and external provincial of Australia contrasted with the significant urban areas and inward territorial zones. Year/Gender 2001 2004-05 2007-08 2011-12 Male 27.20% 26.20% 23.00% 20.40% Female 21.20% 20.30% 19.00% 16.30% Table 1: Rate of smoking of male and female in various years Source: (Gender Indicators, Australia, Jan 2013, 2016) Figure 2: Bar outline of male and female smokers in various years Source: (Gender Indicators, Australia, Jan 2013, 2016) From the above dataset of male and female smokers in Australia in various years, a bar chart has been given in this setting to get an away from of pace of smoking in this above-concerned nation. In this viewpoint, because of increment pace of smoking, the expense of the economy ascends in a noteworthy way. The expansion in smoking rate would improve the social expense and wellbeing cost of the country prompting the passing pace of the economy which expanded from 19429 in the year 1999 to 14901 to the time of 2005 (The expenses of smoking - Tobacco In Australia, 2016). Figure 3: Tangible and Intangible expense of the economy Source: (The expenses of smoking - Tobacco In Australia, 2016) From the above figure, the related expense of smoking in particular substantial and elusive expense is introduced in this unique circumstance, which is connected with the work costs, wellbeing disease, and oppressive utilization, loss of happy life, mental covers and cost of flames which is related with smoking. Negative externality and market disappointment of the economy As indicated by Ashley, Nardinelli Lavaty (2015), negative externalities would impact the market disappointments of the economy as it causes human services sicknesses, lungs malignancy and contamination in the economy, which isn't alluring. Additionally, in this point of view, the measure of private advantage is higher than the measure of social advantage for which the deadweight loss of economy happens. The utilization level of the economy is a lot higher than the socially proficient degree of the economy alongside the lower level of value (Sun Daniels, 2014). Figure 3: Negative externality of the economy Source: (Pearson Australia, 2016) As indicated by the figure, the interest bend of social advantage alludes to the utilization of cigarettes which is lower than the interest bend of private advantage. As the individuals of this nation over expended the cigarettes, the market harmony of the economy is higher than the socially effective degree of balance (Sassi, Merkur McDaid, 2015). Thus, deadweight misfortune happens in the country, which is a genuine risk to the economy. Arrangement of plain bundling framework In this unique situation, the Australian government would show a drive of plain bundling for lessening the expanded degree of smoking rate. The arrangement would focus on the realities of growing and refreshing of the wellbeing admonitions and direct the limitation on the commercial of tobacco utilization which is useful to lessen the propensity for tobacco utilization (Department of Health | Introduction of Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia, 2016). Moreover, the Australian government forced an assessment on smoking and expanded the extract obligation roughly 25% in the time of 2010. Also, the individuals who are locked in to carrying offenses are rebuffed by the administration of the nation. To manage the demonstration effectively, the Australian government would force a demonstration of Tobacco Plain Packaging in the year 2011 and Tobacco Plain Packaging Regulations in the year 2011 for lessening the utilization of tobacco. To powerful the strategy with respect to the plain bundling framework, the Australian government would exact an extract obligation as indicated by the heaviness of the creation of tobacco and cigarette and rose the genuine extract obligation of the tobacco items through the file of Consumer Price from the time of 1993 to the year 1995 (The expenses of smoking - Tobacco In Australia, 2016). By expanding the costs of tobacco through the system of tax assessment, the administrations of this nation would have the option to diminish the medical problems, demise, and sicknesses which are principally brought about by the terrible effect of smoking. In the expressions of Sassi, Merkur McDaid (2015), because of expanding in the cost of tobacco items would imp act to fall the utilization pace of this item which is a successful method for the plain bundling framework. Despite what might be expected, as remarked by Soon, Jean Tan (2015), this strategy would be inadequate to decrease the utilization of tobacco and cigarettes as the human instinct constantly dependent on smoking. Figure 4: Phase of plain bundling arrangement of various age gatherings Source: (Department of Health | Evaluation of Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia, 2016) The above figure delineates the way that the plain bundling framework is viable for diminishing the utilization of smoking in various age gatherings. The youthful ages would decidedly react contrast with the other age gatherings of the individuals in this unique situation. In spite of the fact that the arrangement has confronted some hindrance through the elements of versatility, lease chasing, industry restriction, surprising outcomes and unbalanced data by which the adequacy of this approach can't be accomplished completely (Ashley, Nardinelli Lavaty, 2015). In the expressions of Soon, Jean Tan (2015), the ascent in the cost of the cigarettes would not have any immediate effect on the measure of utilization as the idea of the item is inelastic. In addition, the majority of the smokers don't know about the administration strategies which are useful to their wellbeing and don't worry about the inconvenience of assessment and extract obligation on the cost of cigarettes. End: By alluding to the above examination, it very well may be derived that the Australian government would focus on diminishing the inclination of smoking in various age gatherings of the individuals by the plain bundling framework. Be that as it may, the approach has confronted a few issues identifying with the uneven data and versatility of items. Reference list: The expenses of smoking - Tobacco In Australia. (2016).Tobaccoinaustralia.org.au. Recovered 30 August 2016, from https://www.tobaccoinaustralia.org.au/section 17-financial matters/17-2-the-costs-of-smoking Sexual orientation Indicators, Australia, Jan 2013. (2016).Abs.gov.au. Recovered 30 August 2016, from https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4125.0main+features3320Jan%202013 Ashley, E. M., Nardinelli, C., Lavaty, R. A. (2015). Evaluating the advantages of general wellbeing approaches that diminish unsafe consumption.Health economics,24(5), 617-624. Division of Health | Evaluation of Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia. (2016).Health.gov.au. Recovered 30 August 2016, from https://www.health.gov.au/web/primary/publishing.nsf/Content/tobacco-plain-bundling evaluation#a Branch of Health | Introduction of Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia. (2016).Health.gov.au. Recovered 30 August 2016, from https://www.health.gov.au/web/fundamental/publishing.nsf/Content/tobacco-plain Branch of Health | Tobacco Control key statistical data points. (2016).Health.gov.au. Recovered 30 August 2016, from https://www.health.gov.au/web/primary/publishing.nsf/Content/tobacco-kff Wellbeing practices and different dangers to wellbeing (AIHW). (2016).Aihw.gov.au. Recovered 30 August 2016, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-wellbeing/2014/wellbeing practices/ Sassi, F., Merkur, S., McDaid, D. (2015). Prologue to the financial aspects of wellbeing advancement and ailment prevention.Promoting Health, Preventing Disease The Economic Case: The Economic Case, 3. Before long, T. Y., Jean, L. T., Tan, K. (2015). Applying Economic Principles to Environmental Policy.50 Years of Environment

The Common Conditions For Being Bullied, Bullying, And...

Abstract Many peer reviews suggest that the common conditions for being bullied, bullying behavior, and violence are related to a boys socially not normal categories, peer groups pressures, their higher risk for aggression, a lack of education, and family home environments and parenting styles (Farrell, Mehari, Mays, Sullivan, Le, 2015). Collected and reviewed cross sectional data on bullying, being bullied and violence from peer reviewed articles suggested also that active bullying and violence in boys ages 10-12 comes from parenting styles and lack of education on the subjects of bullying and violence preventions along with many social factors and that rectifying bullying and violence behaviors could be directly related to parent and†¦show more content†¦In this research proposal we will ask the research questions; Does parenting and education play a significant role in male children ages 10-12 violence and the reduction of bullying in school? If a male child and parents receive education and intervention in school does this decrease bullying and violent activity in male children at this age? This research proposal will suggest interventions and education programs for parents and teachers that can help eliminate violence and bullying in middle school age male children ages 10-12. Introduction For my capstone project I would like to write a research proposal on violence and bullying on males age 10-12 and affective counter measures that can help reduce these issues in our public school systems. Many peer reviews suggest that violence and bullying in schools comes from many commonalities including peer groups pressures, not fitting in socially in school, that boys were at higher risk for aggression, and that lack of education contribute to the problem adding to the frequencies of children getting violent (Farrell, Mehari, Mays, Sullivan, Le, 2015). There is suggested research that theorize that lack of parenting leads to children becoming more violent and that violence in the home increased a child’s chances of being violent. Violence in many cases was also directly related to lack of communication and involvement with the parents and teachers with the children in general

Average National SAT Scores for 2012

Over a million high-schoolers registered for the SAT  in 2012. Their average scores provide some interesting insights into this group. Whether they wanted admission to the  top public universities  or another school of their choice, see how they performed. Overall SAT Scores for 2012 The mean is the average score of every student who took the SAT from the fall of 2011 through June of 2012. Here are the mean scores for all testers by section: Overall: 1498Critical Reading: 496Mathematics: 514Writing: 488 (subscores: multiple-choice: 48.1 / essay: 7.3) See how these compare: SAT Scores for 2013 SAT Scores by Gender As is often seen, boys were better on average in the Mathematics section and they also slightly outperformed girls as a whole in the Critical Reading Section. But females outperformed them on average in the Writing section. You can compare your scores with the average for your gender. Critical Reading:  Males: 498. Females: 493Mathematics:  Males: 532. Females: 499Writing:  Males: 481. Females: 494 SAT Scores by Reported Annual Income Higher parental income is associated with a higher SAT score. This doesnt necessarily mean that wealthier families produce smarter children. But it likely has some relationship to parents sending their children to better schools and being more willing to purchase SAT prep. They may also be more willing to spend money on retakes of the examination. $0 to $20,000: 1323$20,000 to $40,000: 1398$40,000 to $60,000: 1461$60,000 to $80,000: 1503$80,000 to $100,000: 1545$100,000 to $120,000: 1580$120,000 to $140,000: 1594$140,000 to $160,000: 1619$160,000 to $200,000: 1636$200,000 and more: 1721 SAT Scores by AP/Honors Classes It is helpful to know which courses in school tend to produce the highest SAT scores. You could guess that students who take AP courses or rigorous Honors courses are going to score higher on the SAT, but the degree to which they score better is significant. The question is which came first, the chicken or the egg? Do these students score higher due to their natural abilities, or do the courses themselves prepare students better for the SAT? Check out the stats: AP/Honors Math 1698: Mean SAT score for those enrolled in AP/Honors Math1404: Mean SAT score for those not enrolled Percentage of SAT Testers Enrolled in AP/Honors Math by Ethnicity All students: 36 percentAfrican American: 25 percentAmerican Indian: 31 percentAsian: 47 percentHispanic: 31 percentWhite: 40 percent AP/Honors English 1655: Mean SAT score for those enrolled in AP/Honors Math1404: Mean SAT score for those not enrolled Percentage of SAT Testers Enrolled in AP/Honors English by Ethnicity All students: 42 percentAfrican American: 34 percentAmerican Indian: 40 percentAsian: 44 percentHispanic: 39 percentWhite: 46 percent AP/Honors Natural Science 1698: Mean SAT score for those enrolled in AP/Honors Math1414: Mean SAT score for those not enrolled Percentage of SAT Testers Enrolled in AP/Honors Natural Science by Ethnicity All students: 35 percentAfrican American: 24 percentAmerican Indian: 28 percentAsian: 43 percentHispanic: 28 percentWhite: 38 percent 2012 SAT Scores Summary The statistics say youd have the best advantage on the SAT if you were a male of Asian ethnicity whose family who made more than $200,000 per year. You could always prepare regardless of your ethnic heritage or familial status. These statistics represent the mean but do not, of course, represent the individual. If you have nothing in common with the groups scoring the highest on the SAT, it does not mean that you cant secure a top-notch score. Start with some free SAT practice quizzes, grab some free SAT apps, and prepare yourself the best way you can.

The Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox ) - 1728 Words

In 2002 the telecommunication company, WorldCom committed one of the biggest accounting scandals of all time. They perpetrated over *1 $3.8 billion in fraud, leading to a loss of 30,000 jobs and $180 billion losses for investors . This is one of the several accounting scandals that led to the passing of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which introduced the most comprehensive set of new business regulations since the 1930’s. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) is an act that was passed by United States Congress in 2002. This act safeguarded investors from the likelihood of fraudulent accounting practices of publicly traded organizations by authorizing strict reforms to advance financial disclosures and prevent accounting frauds. With SOX being an extremely important piece of legislature it is necessary to understand the reasons why SOX was passed, how it was passed, what it entails, the aftermath of the act. To understand the events that lead to SOX passing it is imperative to grasp the bus iness regulations that existed and allowed these accounting scandals to occur. This lenient regulatory environment was a precursor to the accounting scandals that occurred in the early 2000’s. Prior to SOX there was the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. It created the Securities and Exchange Commission which supervises all publicly traded companies. This act also was created to regulate commerce in stocks, bonds, and other securities. It also required public companies to provide complexShow MoreRelatedThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox )1604 Words   |  7 Pagesthe company. Thus, to respond to the public pressure over acts of corporate offense, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) was enacted in 2002. SOX proposed major changes to the regulation of corporate governance and financial reporting by improving the accuracy and reliability of company disclosure. This essay will explain the effects of SOX on the financial statement fraud in an organization. Situation Prior to the legislation of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the regulations of financial statement were much more laxRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox )943 Words   |  4 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) was passed by Congress in 2002, and is administered by the SEC. The SEC checks for compliance and creates rules and requirements. The Act was created to restore investor confidence in financial statements after major accounting frauds, such as Enron, Tyco, and WorldCom. In addition, SOX aimed to prevent future accounting fraud through improving the accuracy of disclosures and through increasing corporate governance, accountability, and reliability. Major Provisions TheRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox )2238 Words   |  9 Pages The Sarbanes-Oxley Act. An act passed by U.S. Congress in 2002 to protect investors and the general public from the possibility of accounting errors and fraudulent practices by corporations. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), named after U.S. Senator Paul Sarbanes and U.S. Representative Michael G. Oxley, which contains eleven sections, mandated strict reforms to improve financial disclosures and prevent accounting fraud. The eleven sections of the bill cover responsibilities of a public corporation’sRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley ( Sox ) Act1995 Words   |  8 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act was passed by Congress in 2002 to address issues in auditing, corporate governance and capital markets that Congress believed existed. These deficiencies let to several cases of accounting irregularities and securities fraud. According to the Student Guide to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act many changes were made to securities law. A new federal agency was created, the entire accounting industry was r estructured, Wall Street practices were reformed, corporate governance proceduresRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox )1202 Words   |  5 PagesBrief historical summary on SOX enactment The Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) was sanctioned in July 2002 with the objective of reestablishing public trust in the markets. SOX was promised as one of the opportunities for cultivating organizational ethics by clearly outlining the code of ethics. This included the raise of truthful and strong ethical behavior. SOX moreover, demands that corporate organizations to release codes applicable to the senior financial officer. Indorsing whistle blowing in theRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox )955 Words   |  4 PagesErnestas Zarskis BUS 5644 International Accounting and Reporting Paper #2 Dr. LuAnn Bean 1. Based on the video Bigger Than Enron, discuss at least five features of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) that are the result of events related to corporate fraud. Under Section 302 signing officer should be familiar with the report and are responsible for internal controls and have evaluated these internal controls within the previous ninety days and have reported on their findings. Also, report should notRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox ) Essay1609 Words   |  7 Pagesmalpractices across several companies in the United States such as Enrol Corporation, Tyco International and WorldCom, there has been a lot of attention with regards to the accounting practices in the corporate sector. Specifically, the Sarbanes – Oxley Act (SOX) which was passed by congress in 2002, was aimed at addressing the situation by regulating fraudulent accounting practices such as bribery and wrong entries in books (Williams Elson, 2010). While regulation has its own limits, it is hopedRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox )969 Words   |  4 PagesU.S. Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), a legislation put in place not only to improve the accuracy of corporate disclosures, but also to protect shareholders and the general public from accounting errors and fraudulent practices in all organizations. Although these organizations include corporations, small businesses, non-profit institutions, government bodies and any other entity where business is conducted, according to Accounting in Business, the Act was mostly enacted to â€Å"toRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox ) Essay1233 Words   |  5 Pagescompanies such as Enron and WorldCom in the turn of the century motivated Congress to pass the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) in 2002 to strengthen regulations within the accounting profession (Whittington Pany, 2014). As a result, the SOX introduced provisions that changed the accounting function, such as the establishment of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) and other major elements; however, the SOX regulations subsequently resulted in consequences to its compliance. In the United StatesRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox )1526 Words   |  7 PagesEssay #1- Tax Advantages and Disadvantages of Sarbanes-Oxley Eric Kitts Liberty University â€Æ' Introduction The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002 was implemented to deter fraudulent activities amongst companies by monitoring and auditing financial activities as well as set up internal controls to aid in the safeguard of company funds and investor’s interest. SOX also regulates the non-audit tax services (NATS) that can be performed by an auditing firm. SOX was passed by Congress in 2002 in an attempt

Personal Computer and Dell free essay sample

Synopsis: In 1984 Dell Inc. was founded by University of Texas freshmen, Michael Dell. Dell would buy computers from the excess inventory of local retailers and revamp them to sell out of his trunk. Dell was able to sell his computers at 10%-15% below retail price. After Dell’s freshmen year he dropped out to run his business full time. By 1995 Dell had sales of nearly $3. 5 billion and was one of the top five PC vendors in the world. Dell focused on customer support and service and became the master of process engineering and supply chain management. Dell has faced many challenges including distribution through US retail stores, management changes, and keeping up with its competitors. Since consumers aren’t willing to pay huge amounts of money for computers unless they were unique, Dell is at a crossroads. Which road Dell chooses to follow will determine its future. Resources: Dell Inc. ’s most valuable resource has been Michael Dell and its ability to sell computers at 10-15% below market value. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Computer and Dell or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another huge resource is the executive team that Dell formed for guidance. Capabilities: Dell’s capability at producing products at a lower cost to its consumers is key. By adding services such as laptops, software/peripherals, servers/networking, services, and storage Dell expanded its capabilities. With the added services Dell can keep pace with its competitors. Core Competencies: Dell’s core competencies are the ability to offer quality products at cheaper prices, personalized orders, and the ability to keep their inventory relatively low. These competencies have helped Dell become a leader in the computer industry. Finding of Fact: Dell is currently at a crossroads; the company’s margins aren’t in a favorable position for the company. In 2010 yes their net income rose, but was still only 2. 91% of net revenue. Dell’s consumers are no longer willing to pay top dollar for a computer, unless it was unique. Competitors are selling laptops for around $300. Tablets have pushed Dell’s laptop sales down as well. Many more competitors have stepped into the industry since Dell first was founded. Dell also spends about 1% of its sales on research and development, while other companies spend about 5%. Justified Recommendation: Dell should invest more of its money into research and development for its products. Technology is constantly changing and for Dell to stay ahead or at least at the same pace, research and development is a must. I’m not saying Dell needs to go out and hire some new employees for this team. Dell could use members from each of its sections to help brainstorm and come up with new and innovative ideas. Innovative employees are invaluable to a company. Dell’s management should perform environmental scanning both internally and externally to find Dells SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats). Once SWOT is determined management could strategically figure out how to move forward. Environmental scanning shouldn’t be done just when a company finds it has â€Å"hit a bump in the road†, but periodically to keep the company innovative and make sure it is on the correct path. Dell should also perform an industry analysis. This analysis will review potential entrants, buyers, substitutes, suppliers, other stakeholders, and competitors. By completing the analysis a company can determine the high and low forces against the company. The low forces could be turned into a possible opportunity or based on the analysis results, the company could switch strategies.

A History of United Nations Missions in Africa

A History of United Nations Missions in Africa The United Nations (UN) conducts a number of peacekeeping missions throughout the world. Beginning in 1960, the UN began missions in various countries in Africa. While just one mission occurred through the 1990s, turmoil in Africa escalated and the majority of missions were run from 1989 on. Many of these peacekeeping missions were the result of civil wars or ongoing conflicts in African countries, including Angola, the Congo, Liberia, Somalia, and Rwanda. Some of the missions were brief while others lasted years at a time. To confound things, some missions replaced previous ones as tensions in the countries escalated or the political climate changed. This period is one of the most dynamic and violent in modern African history and its important to review the missions that the UN carried out. ONUC -  UN Operations in the Congo Mission Dates: July 1960 through June 1964Context: Independence from Belgium and the attempted secession of the Katanga province Outcome:  Prime Minister  Patrice Lumumba  was assassinated, at which point the mission was expanded. The Congo retained the secessionist province of Katanga and the mission was followed by civilian aid. UNAVEM I -  UN Angola Verification Mission Mission Dates:  January 1989 through May 1991Context:  Angolas lengthy civil war Outcome:  Cuban troops were withdrawn one month ahead of schedule, having completed their mission. The mission was followed by UNAVEM II (1991) and UNAVEM III (1995). UNTAG  -  UN Transition Assistance Group Mission Dates:  April 1990 through March 1990Context:  Angolan Civil War and Namibias transition to independence from South Africa Outcome:  South African troops departed Angola. Elections were held and a new constitution approved. Namibia joined the UN. UNAVEM II  -  UN Angola Verification Mission II Mission Dates:  May 1991 through February 1995Context:  Angolan Civil War Outcome:  Elections were held in 1991, but the results were rejected and violence escalated. The mission transitioned to UNAVEM III. UNOSOM I  -  UN Operation in Somalia I Mission Dates:  April 1992 through March 1993Context:  Somali Civil  War Outcome:  The violence in Somalia continued to escalate, making it difficult for UNOSOM I to deliver relief aid. The United States created a second operation, the Unified Task Force (UNITAF), to help UNOSOM I protect and distribute humanitarian aid. In 1993, the UN created UNOSOM II to replace both UNOSOM I and UNITAF. ONUMOZ  -  UN Operations in Mozambique Mission Dates:  December  1992 through December 1994Context:  Conclusion of the Civil War in Mozambique Outcome:  The ceasefire was successful. Mozambiques then government and the major rivals (Mozambican Nation Resistance, or RENAMO) demobilized troops. Those people who were displaced during the war were resettled and elections were held. UNOSOM II  -  UN Operation in Somalia II Mission Dates:  March 1993 through March 1995Context:  Somali Civil War Outcome:  After the Battle of Mogadishu in October 1993, the United States and several Western countries withdrew their troops from UNOSOM II. The UN voted to withdraw UN troops from Somalia after having failed to establish a ceasefire or disarmament. UNOMUR  -  UN Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda Mission Dates:  June 1993 through September 1994Context:  Fighting between the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF, based in Uganda) and the Rwandan Government Outcome:  The Observer Mission encountered many difficulties in monitoring the border. These were  due to the terrain and the competing Rwandan and Ugandan factions. After the Rwandan genocide, the missions mandate came to an end and it was not renewed. The mission was succeeded instead by UNAMIR, which had already begun its operations in 1993.   UNOMIL  -  UN Observer Mission in Liberia Mission Dates:  September 1993  through September 1997Context:  The First Liberian Civil War Outcome:  UNOMIL was designed to support ongoing efforts by the  Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)  to bring an end to the Liberian Civil War and ensure fair elections. In 1997, elections were held and the mission terminated. The United Nations established a Peacebuilding Support Office in Liberia. Within a few years, the Second Liberian Civil War had broken out. UNAMIR -  UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda Mission Dates:  October 1993  through March 1996Context:  Rwandan Civil War between the RPF and the Rwandan government Outcome:  Due to the restrictive rules of engagement and an unwillingness from Western governments to risk troops in Rwanda, the mission did little to stop the Rwandan genocide (April through June 1994).   Afterward, UNAMIR did  distribute and ensure humanitarian aid. However, the failure to intervene in the genocide overshadows these significant although belated efforts. UNASOG  -  UN Aouzou Strip Observation Group Mission Dates:  May 1994 through June 1994Context:  Conclusion of the territorial dispute (1973-1994) between Chad and Libya over the Aouzou Strip. Outcome:  Both governments signed a declaration agreeing that Libyan troops and the administration had been withdrawn as previously agreed upon. UNAVEM III  -  UN Angola Verification Mission III Mission Dates:  February 1995 through June 1997Context:  Angolas Civil War Outcome:  A government was formed by the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), but all parties continued to import arms. The situation also deteriorated with the involvement of Angola in the Congo Conflict. The mission was followed by MONUA. MONUA  -  UN Observer Mission in Angola Mission Dates:  June 1997 through February 1999Context:  Angolas Civil War Outcome:  Fighting in the civil war resumed and the UN withdrew its troops. At the same time, the UN urged a continuation of humanitarian aid. MINURCA -  UN Mission in the Central African Republic Mission Dates:  April 1998 through February 2000Context:  Signing of the Bangui Accord between rebel forces and the Central African Republics government Outcome:  Dialogue between the parties continued and the peace was maintained. Elections were held in 1999 after several previous attempts. The UN mission withdrew. MINURCA was followed by a UN Peacebuilding Support Office in the Central African Republic. UNOMSIL  -  UN Observer Mission in Sierra Leone Mission Dates:  July 1998 through October 1999Context:  Sierra Leones Civil War (1991-2002) Outcome:  The combatants signed the controversial Lome Peace Agreement. The UN authorized a new mission, UNAMSIL, to replace UNOMSIL. UNAMSIL  -  UN Mission in Sierra Leone Mission Dates:  October 1999 through December 2005Context:  Sierra Leones Civil War (1991-2002) Outcome:  The mission was expanded three times in 2000 and 2001 as the fighting continued. The war ended in December 2002 and  UNAMSIL troops were slowly withdrawn. The mission was followed by the UN Integrated Office for Sierra Leone. This was created to consolidate the peace in Sierra Leone. MONUC  -  UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Mission Dates:  November 1999  through May 2010Context:  Conclusion of the  First Congo War   Outcome:  The Second Congo War began in 1998 when Rwanda invaded. It officially ended in 2002, but fighting by various rebel groups continued. In 2010, MONUC was criticized for not intervening to stop mass rapes near one of its stations. The Mission was renamed the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. UNMEE -  UN Observer Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea Mission Dates:  June 2000  through July 2008Context:  A ceasefire signed by Ethiopia and Eritrea in their ongoing border dispute. Outcome:  The mission was ended after Eritrea imposed numerous restrictions that prevented an effective operation. MINUCI  -  UN Operation in  Cà ´te dIvoire Mission Dates:  May 2003 through April 2004Context:  Failed implementation of the  Linas-Marcoussis Agreement, which was to end the ongoing conflict in the country. Outcome:  MINUCI was replaced by the UN Operation in Cà ´te dIvoire (UNOCI). UNOCI is ongoing and continues to protect the people in the country and aid the government in disarmament and demobilization of former combatants. ONUB -  UN Operation in  Burundi Mission Dates:  May  2004 through December 2006Context:  Burundian Civil War Outcome:  The missions goal was to restore peace in Burundi and help establish a unified government. Pierre Nkurunziza was sworn in as President of Burundi in August 2005.  Twelve years of midnight-to-dawn curfews were finally lifted on the people of Burundi. MINURCAT -  UN Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad Mission Dates:  September  2007 through December 2010Context:  Ongoing violence in Darfur, eastern Chad, and northeastern Central African Republic Outcome:  The concern for civilian safety amidst activities by armed groups in the region prompted the mission. By the end of the mission, the government of Chad pledged that they would retain responsibility for protecting its citizens. After the termination of the mission, the UN Integrated Peacebuilding Office in the Central African Republic continued efforts to protect the people.   UNMIS  -  UN Mission in Sudan Mission Dates:  March 2005 through July 2011Context:  End of the Second Sudanese Civil War and signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) Outcome:  The CPA between the Sudanese government and the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement (SPLM) was signed, but it did not bring immediate peace. In 2007, the two groups came to another agreement and Northern Sudanese troops withdrew from Southern Sudan.   In July 2011, the Republic of South Sudan was formed as an independent country. The mission was replaced by UN Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) to continue the peace process and protect civilians. This started immediately and, as of 2017, the mission continues. Sources: United Nations Peacekeeping.  Past Peacekeeping Operations.

Acedemic Analysis Essay Example

Acedemic Analysis Essay Example Acedemic Analysis Essay Acedemic Analysis Essay Did living standards improve during the Industrial Revolution? Historians know that the Industrial Revolution made Europe wealthy. An imp rattan question is was it like to live through it? Historians are divided over what hap penned to wages during the Industrial Revolution. Most agree that they did increase; the quests on is, when. It is hard to say when because wages change constantly due to inflation and the w ages Of workers in the industrial revolution were paid informally leaving no real records behind. Luckily for researchers Britain is one of the best countries for keeping historical records such as wages that were paid out. Using the information from British records it can be concluded that wages rose after 1840. Some even claim that wages doubled between 1840 and 1910 beck cause the technological improvements lead to higher levels in labor productivity. However, quality does not only refer to money and wages, it also involves pee pleas health. One way to measure health is to study peoples heights at the time b cause well nourished people tend to be taller. During the Industrial Revolution, people w ho did less manual labor and who were less afflicted by disease tended to be taller. Life expect icy is another way researchers can accurately measure the living standards of the time. Life expel stance is calculated by looking at death registrars. If you know the distribution of ages at which pee pole die, you can work out the most likely age to which people will live. I agree with the points made in this article and I find the fact that we can use height to measure quality of life interesting.

Tree in a field Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tree in a field - Essay Example At the age of 15, Walter Kuhn sold the first drawing to a certain magazine; it is at this point that he began to sign his name as Walt. He would later enroll for evening art classes at Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute in 1893. Later, Kuhn lost interest on becoming artist and instead chose to sell bicycles in a shop at Brooklyn. He had a very dedicative personality and yet he would also be regarded as impulsive. By 1899, Kuhn was overwhelmed with the ideas from the American West. Though he only $60, he decided to move to California. In San Francisco, Kuhn began to draw cartoons to WASP magazine. He later moved to Paris in 1901and then enrolled in the formal class of the Academy Colarossi. He never got much exited with the learning and chose to move to Munich where he got opportunity to study under Barbizon Painter Heinrich von Zugel After 2 years, Kuhn returned to New York and found himself immersed in the booming art scene in New York. He helped manage the Kit Kat Club while at the same time he continued to work as an illustrator for local journals. The Kit Club was an organization which had a responsibility of raising funds for the scholarship at the Academy of Design. Kuhn staged his first exhibition in 1905 at Salmagundi Club, presenting himself both as a serious painter and a cartoonist. In the same year, Kuhn submitted his first illustration of the LIFE magazine. (Meally, Robert G., and Romare Bearden, 19) Kuhn in most of his time spent his summer in Fort Lee in New Jersey. This area provided him with a good environment for creativity which he needed to thrive in the industry. Kuhn would later join the New York School of art when they moved to the area as a member of the faculty. He later moved to New York where he got married to Vera Spier. They got one child Brenda Kuhn. At the point when his home life blossomed, his career too became better and better. In 1909, he spent the

Human Resource Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Human Resource Development - Essay Example According to Fisher(1996), more positive group climate, more cooperative behavior on tasks, more productivity in accomplishing tasks, faster problem solving, few errors in solving problems and less hostility among members are most prominent characteristics of an interpersonally compatible group. Any organization can use these findings to create a motivated environment by understanding the internal environment of the organization. With the importance of development of human resources highlighted, next it is essential that the role of awards has on improving the effectives of the training and development programs has to be analyzed. In this paper, the essentials of a good employee development program are discussed. Then the role of the National Training Awards(NTA), instituted by the UK government to improve the efficiency of the training and development of human resources is explained. In the current era of globalization the business environment is so rapidly changing that it is challenging for the managers to foresee the changes that are going to occur in future. The organizations have to be continuously take efforts to equip themselves to cope with the ever-changing business environment. ... But at this point of time, it is not sufficient that a company just grows, but it can serve the best interests of its stakeholders only if it can ensure sustained development. United Kingdom has a long history of good corporate governance and managerial excellence, but can this excellence sustain the competition from the emerging economies is the biggest question. The UK companies have to be prepared to withstand the onslaught of efficient products and services from Asian economies like China and India for example. Hence, it becomes very essential that the corporations realize the need for careful development of their human resource in order to have a sustained growth. Thanks to the information technology, that geographical distance does not define the sphere of business transactions. Hence, companies have to be ready to face the competition with their strengths better toned. The institution of the NTA is the need of the hour to emphasize the importance of quality human resource to h ave growth. Importance of self awareness In a study by Whetton and Cameron(2005), 402 individuals were asked to name the most effective managers and the skills they have, the main factors listed were verbal communication, managing time and stress, managing decisions, influencing others, delegating, self awareness and team building. Self awareness here implies awareness at the individual level, team/ department level and as a whole in the organization level. It can be often observed that in a business organization, managers are faced with the challenge to modify the day to day operations to achieve the long term strategic goals and vice versa. This may be due to the gaps between the aspirations and the actions

Child Abuse Essay Example for Free

Child Abuse Essay In order to curb the cases of child abuse, effective education and awareness campaign should be conducted in schools and communities. Through this education and awareness campaign, children will learn about their rights and activities that may be construed as child abuse. Knowledge about rights and any activities that may resemble abuse will certainly help children deal with the issue if they come face to face with it. The paper will look into effective means of promoting awareness about child abuse among children in the community. Secondly, it will look at the risk factor that contributes to the situation of child abuse. Lastly, the study will prescribe an awareness and education campaign for implementation. Previous education and awareness campaigns will also be considered in the paper. Library research and interviews will be conducted. One of the challenges that will beset the study will be the view that educational campaigns, especially those conducted using mass media will have limited effect or impact on the proliferation of child abuse. The validity of this argument will be addressed by presenting studies dealing with the impact of mass media on child abuse awareness campaigns. Furthermore, the study can present a case study that will deal directly with the challenges posed. While the argument may have certain validity, a single means of promoting awareness and education campaign is bound to fail. Hence, additional communication channels should be identified for the campaign. Reference Teicher, M. H. (2002). Scars that Won’t Heal: The Neurobiology of Child Abuse. Scientific American, 286 (3), 54-61. This journal article presents the difficult processes that victims of child abuse go through. It is an indictment of child abuse. At the same time, the author presents interesting recommendations on how child abuse victims can be dealt with so they can cope with pain and trauma. This also provides important insight into the manner of prevention of child abuse. Glaser, D. (2000). Child Abuse and Neglect and the Brain – A Review. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 41, 97-116. The mental and emotional impact of child abuse is difficult to deal with. Hence, this study helps researchers and other people interested in child abuse to look at these impacts and how to arrive at sound policies for intervention and information campaign.

Trapped by Society in John Updikes A&P Essay -- A&P Essays

Trapped by Society in John Updike's A&P      Ã‚  Ã‚   People often take their place in society for granted. They accept that position into which they are born, grow up in it, and pass that position on to their children. This cycle continues until someone is born who has enough vision to step out of his circle and investigate other ways of life in which he might thrive. One such person is embodied in the character of Sammy in A&P, by John Updike. Sammy is the narrator of the story and describes an incident in the store where he encounters a conflict between the members of two completely different worlds the world that he was born into and the world of a girl that captures his mind. Through his thoughts, attitudes, and actions, Sammy shows that he is caught between the two worlds of his customers at the A&P.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sammy's thoughts, as told to the reader in his narration, betray a deep understanding of the people he comes in contact with. When the girls walked into the store, he began to describe not only their looks, but also their attitudes and personalities without ever speaking to them. The one who held his attention was also the one he named "Queenie". On page one he says, She was the queen. She kind of led them, the other two peeking around and making their shoulders round. Sammy understood that she was the one in charge, and by saying that the other two made their shoulders round he showed that he realized their passivity was by choice; they followed her by their own wills.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sammy also understood how the "regulars" of the A&P thought and reasoned. He correctly interpreted the customers’ reactions to the girls, saying, "A few houseslaves in pin curlers even looked round after pushing their cart... ...ed what he did for them and wanting their appreciation for his attempt to disassociate himself from the people in the store. He called them "his" girls, trying to bring himself to their level in the social scheme as he saw it (3).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sammy was indeed caught between the two worlds that collided one day in the A&P, and he chose to pursue the one that was not his own. He was able to do this when others were not because he understood both worlds, his attitude toward each were completely different, and his actions were drastic enough to cut him free from the bonds that his world had on him. With two paths to choose from and only one to follow, Sammy took the path less traveled in that small town by the sea. He was, to use his own analogy, a wolf in sheep's clothing. Works Cited Updike, J. A&P. www.crown.edu/humanities/Wheatonj. 17 January, 2004. Trapped by Society in John Updike's A&P Essay -- A&P Essays Trapped by Society in John Updike's A&P      Ã‚  Ã‚   People often take their place in society for granted. They accept that position into which they are born, grow up in it, and pass that position on to their children. This cycle continues until someone is born who has enough vision to step out of his circle and investigate other ways of life in which he might thrive. One such person is embodied in the character of Sammy in A&P, by John Updike. Sammy is the narrator of the story and describes an incident in the store where he encounters a conflict between the members of two completely different worlds the world that he was born into and the world of a girl that captures his mind. Through his thoughts, attitudes, and actions, Sammy shows that he is caught between the two worlds of his customers at the A&P.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sammy's thoughts, as told to the reader in his narration, betray a deep understanding of the people he comes in contact with. When the girls walked into the store, he began to describe not only their looks, but also their attitudes and personalities without ever speaking to them. The one who held his attention was also the one he named "Queenie". On page one he says, She was the queen. She kind of led them, the other two peeking around and making their shoulders round. Sammy understood that she was the one in charge, and by saying that the other two made their shoulders round he showed that he realized their passivity was by choice; they followed her by their own wills.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sammy also understood how the "regulars" of the A&P thought and reasoned. He correctly interpreted the customers’ reactions to the girls, saying, "A few houseslaves in pin curlers even looked round after pushing their cart... ...ed what he did for them and wanting their appreciation for his attempt to disassociate himself from the people in the store. He called them "his" girls, trying to bring himself to their level in the social scheme as he saw it (3).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sammy was indeed caught between the two worlds that collided one day in the A&P, and he chose to pursue the one that was not his own. He was able to do this when others were not because he understood both worlds, his attitude toward each were completely different, and his actions were drastic enough to cut him free from the bonds that his world had on him. With two paths to choose from and only one to follow, Sammy took the path less traveled in that small town by the sea. He was, to use his own analogy, a wolf in sheep's clothing. Works Cited Updike, J. A&P. www.crown.edu/humanities/Wheatonj. 17 January, 2004.

Public Health Proposal

Introduction Population growth is one of the major challenges the world is facing at present. The growing population may have significant impacts in health and economy of the country. Hence, it is necessary to address the issues raised in health and economy due to growing population. Identifying the exact cause and issues associated with population growth will help to specifically address these issues and implement strategies to minimize their consequences. In this report, some of the major issues associated with the growing population of Newham, the problems faced by population of different age groups living this area, as well as their potential health and economic challenges have been extensively reviewed and attempted to identify. Major issues of Newham residents including deprivation, health and well-being are individually reviewed with the analysis of data. More specifically, this report focuses the profile of Newham residents in greater detail to understand the demographic challenges (total population, population density, ethnic diversity etc.) and opportunities for delivering sustainable economic growth. Furthermore, emphasis is given on the issues of deprivation (poverty by ethnic group, age, intensity etc.) and health and well-being (life expectancy and illness, access to public health etc.) Background and context Newham is a highly deprived borough with high rates of deprivation that affects children and older population of it. But importantly, currently Newham has a young and diverse population that is active working age population. However, the population of Newham has been reported to be rising in a significantly high rate (Local economic assessment 2010-2027). Furthermore, the poverty of in Newham is reported to be high. Also, the life expectancy of people living in Newham is lower when compared to the people living in other parts of London, suggesting the existence of health and well-being issues in Newham. Thus, it seems important to review and address every single factor that is associated with deprivation, poverty and health and well-being of Newham population (Local economic assessment 2010-2027).2.1 Population in Newham (size, ethnicity, religion and age)Newham has a diverse range of people with different ethnicities, languages and culture. According to the 2011 census, the populati on of Newham was reported to be 307,984. This figure was the highest of all inner London boroughs, and the 7th highest in greater London (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). The census of 2011 also reported the 23.5% increase in the Newham population than counted in 2001, which is also the second highest growth in the country (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). One of the major factors for high population growth in Newham could be the high in-migration from nearby towns and cities. Moreover, number of asylum seekers and refuges are predicted to be high in Newham; although no exact figure has been published yet by the home office (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). People with different ethnicities reside in Newham that include the mixture of Asian, White and African people. Thirty different ethnic communities with 300 spoken languages is the main feature of Newham population (Harris, 2008). Surprisingly, only 16.7% of British (White) reside in Newham. The figure seems quite high for Bangladeshi and Black African population. Census of 2011 also reported that Newham has a mixture of people flowing different religions, with majority of people following Christianity (40%). Other major religions in Newham include Islam and Hinduism. Despite of several pitfalls, Newham has one of the youngest age structures in England and Wales (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). The figure suggests that 68% of people living in Newham are within the age group of 16-59, suggesting Newham has a high proportion of active working age population. The rest 32% make up the children and aged population. Coming to the gender division in the population, Newham has the male population of 52% and female population of 47.9% (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013).2.2 Employment and economic statusMore than 68% of Newham populations are classed as economically active despite of high percentage of young and working age population (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). This is mainly because unemployment rate of Newham is comparatively higher than of London and other Britain cities The most shocking fact of Newham is that only very 53.6% of female population in Newham is reported to be economically active, which provides the rationale behind the poor economy of Newham, another figure which is most shocking is that among those who were economically inactive, did not want an employment. Moreover, the data suggests that 19% of economically inactive people could not work due to long term illness, suggesting health as another major factor for Newham’s poor economy. Moreover, Newham has a fewer workers in management and professional occupations, suggesting a shortage of skilled workers. Also, full time workers in Newham are only 66.3%, which seems significantly low (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). To conclude, despite of high percentage of working age population, low employment rate seems one of the prominent factors behind the poor economy of Newham. High population growth rate, long term illness and less involvement of female in the employment are some of the main rationales behind low employment rate of Newham.2.3 Deprivation Deprivation is measured by analyzing the employment rate, education level, health status and disability and housing. According to the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), the borough of Newham was ranked 3rd most derived city in England. Poverty seems to be high and growing in Newham. More so, child poverty is considered to be a major problem in Newham. 32% of the borough children were reported to be living in poverty, with household earning less than 60% of median earnings (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). Coming to the housing in Newham, it is reported that Newham is ranked bottom in England in its households proportion with only 2 people, and first in households with more than 5 people. Cencus 2011 reported that household in Newham is of 3 persons in average, which was still higher than the average in England and Wales. In addition, 27% of houses in Newham were not found to be under standard living condition. Furthermore, homeless is another major issue that Newham is facing, which is about 1.1 homeless households per thousand households (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). Health and well-being needs Issues associated with health are arguably the greatest problem the Newham population is facing at present. Health of Newham people is poor, as well as life expectancy is reported to be lower than of average England population, this could be linked with poor employment rate and poverty living in Newham. Cardiovascular disease remains the major cause of deaths in Newham population, which kills about 30% of Newham people. This is followed by cancer and respiratory diseases, which are responsible for 25% and 12% deaths in Newham population (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). There could be several risk factors that are associated with cardiovascular disease in Newham. In addition to direct risk factors such as smoking, obesity, diet and high blood pressure, diverse ethnicity could be another major factor for high rate of cardiovascular disease death in Newham, which is suggested in several studies A study by Mathur (2011) suggested that the burden of cardiovascular disease varies by ethnicity. They also suggested that people who migrate from South Asian countries to Western countries have the higher rates of coronary heart disease compared to White and African people. In the study they suggested that coronary heart disease causes about 40% of deaths in South Asians. Moreover, poor health literacy, socioeconomic deprivation and organization barriers could be the cause for high CVD in Newham population (Claydon, 2013). Thus, it seems obvious that ethnicity is the major risk factor for the high rate of cardiovascular disease in Newham. Genetics, as well as dietary factors could have a link with certain ethnic groups in Newham that trigger heart disease in them. The correlation between diabetes and CVD is well established (Punthakee, 2007). The excessive level of glucose and its metabolites in the circulation and low level of insulin secretion can directly induce toxic effects on vascular endothelium resulting in endothelium dysfunction, lipid abnormalities and inflammation (Punthakee, 2007). Claydon (2013) suggested that diabetes is more prevalent in areas of socioeconomic deprivation. Newham being one such area seems to have high prevalence of diabetes and associated cardiovascular disease. In the study they also suggested that people from ethnic minority group in a deprived London borough with the problems of poor health literacy, socioeconomic deprivation and organization barriers could significantly impact their health. Furthermore, it suggested that mortality rate of diabetes itself is in Newham population is higher than the England average. Ethnicity being a major risk factor for diabetes may have been associated with high mortality r ate due to diabetes in Newham. However, the risk factor high prevalence of respiratory disease on Newham population still remains unexplained. Although a study by Martin, et.al (2012) showed that ethnicity is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), a form of chronic respiratory disease, interestingly, the disease was seen less prevalent in people of Asian and African origin compared to White people. One reason behind this could be that in their study, White people were recorded to be active chain smokers compared to Asian and African people, which was the another major finding in their study. Thus, it still seems unclear what could be the major factor for high prevalence of respiratory disease in Newham where majority of people are of Asian and African origin and demands further study. Harriss and Salway (2008) suggested the social and economic consequences of long-term illnesses including cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease, arthritis and mental disease for deprived groups and ethnic minority group. They suggested that these groups have the highest rates of long term illnesses, which further provides the rationale behind high rates of cardiovascular disease, cancer and respiratory disease in Newham population. However, the finding was contradictory in a study by Pavalin (2007) who comparatively studied the socio-economic inequalities in health between Newham and UK. The study suggested that despite having higher prevalence of poor health and high service use, the relative effects of socio-economic inequalities to be similar to those in the UK, suggesting no major impact of socio-economic inequalities in the health of people living in Newham. Newham also has a high rate of communicable diseases. The rate of HIV infection in Newham is high (0.56%). This figure is significantly higher than in England (0.11%). Not surprisingly, 65% of infected are black Africans. Other infectious diseases including tuberculosis, measles, mumps, salmonella, hepatitis A and B are higher in Newham. Overall, the rate of communicable disease in Newham is found to be 124 per 100,000 (NHS Newham, 2011). Other health issues associated with obesity, smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity are also found to be high in Newham population (NHS Newham, 2011). Analysis After having reviewed the available literature and reports on Newham and its associated problems, the following data have been collected for analysis. Table 1 shows the comparative details of employment status of Newham residents in 2011-2012 Table 1: Employment status of Newham population, London and Great Britain (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). %NewhamLondonGreat Britain Economically active67.775.576.7 In employment57.268.670.5 Employees48.656.360.5 Self-employed7.811.99.6 Unemployed (model-based)13.78.97.9 The comparative data for life expectancy in Newham, London, England and UK population is shown in table 2. Table 2: Life expectancy comparison of Newham population with London, England and UK population (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). Female Life Expectancy Male Life Expectancy Newham81.176.2 London83.379.0 England82.678.6 UK82.378.2 Table 3 compares the occupations of Newham people with occupations of people in London and overall in Great Britain. Table 3: Occupations of people living in Newham, London and Great Britain (Aston-Mansfield’s report, 2013). % Newham LondonGreat Britain Soc 2010 major group 1-3 33.354.643.5 1 Managers, directors and senior officials 6.011.610.1 2 Professional occupations 18.524.819.1 3 Associate professional & technical 8.517.914.0 Soc 2010 major group 4-5 24.518.121.9 4 Administrative & secretarial 13.010.611.0 5 Skilled trades occupations 11.37.410.8 Soc 2010 major group 6-7 18.713.617.3 6 Caring, leisure and Other Service occupations 10.67.29.1 7 Sales and customer service occupations 7.96.38.1 Soc 2010 major group 8-9 23.513.717.4 8 Process plant & machine operatives 5.74.56.4 9 Elementary occupations 17.69.110.9 The boroughs with the highest rates of premature death are all in the Inner East & South – Lambeth, Islington, Hackney and Tower Hamlets all have rates above 210 per 100,000. Newham stays on the sixth highest position in high premature death rate among all the boroughs (Trust for London and New Policy Institute, 2010). Figure1: Comparison of premature death in different boroughs in UK Recommendations It seems that health issues of Newham people are lot more serious compared to some other cities in the UK. Thus, individual issue needs to be addressed to minimize the mortality associated with poor health in Newham. Furthermore, population growth, unemployment and poverty are some of the additional factors that have impacted on the health of Newham people. Government should create more job opportunities that will help to reduce the poverty and maintain a standard quality life. Public health polices, plans and strategies need to be implemented to solve the major issues of premature death and infectious diseases. Some of these approaches could be encouraging people for routine vaccinations for major infectious diseases such as measles, tuberculosis and hepatitis. Moreover, to minimize the deaths associated with cardiovascular disease, people should be encouraged to quit smoking, eat healthy diet, perform daily physical exercise and advise ways to control diabetes and high blood pressure. REFERECNES Claydon, A, Richards, D.C and Hill, M. (2013).Article. Living with diabetes: A qualitative review of minority ethnic groups in a deprived London borough. 17(3), 95-100. Harriss, K and Salway, S. (2008). Better Health Briefing 8. Long-term ill health, poverty and ethnicity. Mathur, R, Hull, S.A, Badric, E, Robson, J. (2011). Research article. Cardiovascular multimorbidity: the effect of ethnicity on prevalence and risk factor management. 61(586), 262-270. Mathur, R, Hull, S.A, Badric, E, Robson, J. (2012). Research. Effect of ethnicity on the prevalence, severity, andmanagement of COPD in general practice. 76-81 NHS Newham, 2010. Joint strategic need assessment.The London Borough of Newham.Avalable at: http://www.newham.info/Custom/JSNA/Chapter13HealthyNewham.pdf Newham, London Local Economic Assessment 2010 to 20279, 2010. Newham London Regeneration panning and property directorate. Available at: http://www.newham.info/Custom/LEA/Demographics.pdf. Pevalin, D.J. (2007). Public health. Socio-economic inequalities in health and service utilization in the London Borough of Newham. 121, 596-602 Punthakee, Z, Werstuck, G.H and Gerstein, H.C. (2007).Reviews in cardiovascular medicine.Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: explaining the relationship. 8(3), 145-153. Snell-Bergeon, J.K and Wadwa, R.P. (2012).Diabetes technology and therapeuitcs. Hypoglycemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. 14(1), 51-58. The London’s Poverty Profile . 2012. Premature death by borough. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.londonspovertyprofile.org.uk/indicators/topics/health/premature-death-by-borough/. [Accessed 01 December 13]. Walker, R, et.al. (2012). Diabetic medicine. Introducing personalized care planning into Newham: outcomes of a pilot project.29(8), 1074-1078.

benoni executive summary Essay examples - 615 Words

Benoni Executive Summary The â€Å"Benoni Mine Incident† is a situation that encompasses an episodic case of illegal mining that took place in South Africa. A rescue operation was set in motion in February of 2014 at an abandoned mine shaft near Johannesburg in attempt to rescue a number of illegal mine workers. It was first thought they were trapped due to a rockslide, but was later revealed that a rival crew of illegal miners had trapped them in there. In the beginning reports first suggested that there were 200 trapped and were later estimated to it actually being 30. After several miners were rescued, word had gotten back to the rest of the miners below that they were being arrested and the remaining illegal workers refused to leave†¦show more content†¦South Africa’s Chamber of Mines, an industry association, estimates that South Africa loses about 5% of its potential annual mineral production to illegal mining, the los production estimates at $2 billion. There are few machine s that can do the work of a miner so it mainly dependent on human physical labor and of course it comes with many dangerous risks. The majority of the illegal miners make up of immigrants from Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Lesotho or other central and southern African nations that come to South Africa in hopes of hitting the jackpot or at least make a living for their families. Some of the miners who are South African work for legit companies in the day and at night do a little side work under the table off the books which is illegal. One of the main causes of the increase in illegal miners is that it takes a long while to receive a legal permit from the government to work legally, thus many of these individuals don’t have the luxury or time to wait around as they need money desperately. Mining companies in the country face a lot of pressure globally and locally, globally stagnant or falling commodity prices, and growing nationalism over a nation’s extractive resources. The companies face an uncertain regulatory environment, rising demands by government, potential labor unrest and shrinking margins. Local police are normally sent out to regulate in the mining areas, but are often outnumbered and outmatched by the heavily armed